mikro.linx.operating.systems 1/1
november 1998
[maintained by vgrass@rz.hu-berlin.de for www.mikro.org - please contribute news & changes]
This linklist is now divided into three parts according to the tree days of the "Wizards of OS" conference. This is the first part. Here is the second part, and here the third.
General
History
Research
Emulators
Unix et alii
Free Unix
Linux
Unixes' Standardization Efforts
Free OSs
Net OSs
Distributed OSs
Object-Orientation
Realtime OSs
Embedded Systems OSSs
Other OSs
Interfaces/GUIs
Social
Copyleft/Open Source
Total World Domination (MS)
Newsgroups
Books
General
Jargon File:
operating system: /n./ [techspeak] (Often abbreviated `OS') The foundation software of a machine, of course; that which schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user between applications. The facilities an operating system provides and its general design philosophy exert an extremely strong influence on programming style and on the technical cultures that grow up around its host machines. Hacker folklore has been shaped primarily by the Unix, ITS, TOPS-10, TOPS-20/TWENEX, WAITS, CP/M, MS-DOS, and Multics operating systems (most importantly by ITS and Unix).
Jargon File:
wizard /n./ 1. A person who knows how a complex piece of software or hardware works (that is, who groks it); esp. someone who can find and fix bugs quickly in an emergency. Someone is a hacker if he or she has general hacking ability, but is a wizard with respect to something only if he or she has specific detailed knowledge of that thing. A good hacker could become a wizard for something given the time to study it. 2. A person who is permitted to do things forbidden to ordinary people; one who has wheel privileges on a system. 3. A Unix expert, esp. a Unix systems programmer. This usage is well enough established that 'Unix Wizard' is a recognized job title at some corporations and to most headhunters.
Linux' Mindshare Went Through The Roof:
"Linux had no mindshare with the people who make the decisions. I think that's one of the big things that's been happening for the last three or four months is that mindshare went through the roof. ...
And what I think will happen is that some company -- maybe not IBM, but a company like IBM -- will just happen in the future where they're already doing multiplatform support, because everybody has it if you're in the big league. And they're just going to add Linux to the list of platforms they support. And then you're going to be able to buy one machine and Linux will be installed on it. I expect that to happen within a year.... Well, Intel surprised me by being so about-face. I had talked to Intel before, but Linux was a dirty word, and that was just a year ago. And Intel has been very positive lately, which is nice....
I think that there are a lot of people in Redmond scratching their heads wondering "What the hell can we do?" ... And at the same time they have a really hard time coming to grips with the fact that it's a market outside their market; one they can't direct. And that's probably why they're nervous. I don't know...I don't think they're really nervous. I think they're mildly nervous. I don't think Bill spends the nights lying there thinking about Linux."
(Linus Torvalds interviewed by Robert McMillan, LinuxWorld, October 1998)
http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1998-10/lw-10-torvalds.html
The MyOS Network (links to ressource pages for most every OS)
http://www.MyOS.com/os.shtml
Open Source Software Virtual University
see Course 500: Operating systems
and Course 600: System programming
http://www.softpanorama.org/
PC Webopedia's OS page
http://www.pcwebopedia.com/Operating_Systems_cat.html
ZDNet Webopedia's OS page
http://www.zdwebopedia.com/TERM/o/operating_system.html
whatis?com's brief definition of an OS
http://www.whatis.com/operatin.htm
OS News
http://www.osnews.com/
How Linux Could Kill Windows NT, Jesse Berst, Editorial Director ZDNet AnchorDesk
http://www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/story/story_2241.html
The Internet Operating System Counter (September 98: 1. Linux 2. Windows 95/98/NT)
http://www.hzo.cubenet.de/ioscount/
Snap's Link list on OSs
http://direct.snap.com/directory/category/0,16,direct-1314,00.html?st.cn.re..sn
Hideki's Page of Operating Systems
http://www.yk.rim.or.jp/~hideki/os/index-e.html
Articles on OS/2 Warp, Windows95 (Preview Edition), MacOS System 7.5.1 , Linux, and Solaris.
http://www.unt.edu/UNT/departments/CC/Benchmarks/benchmarks_html/julaug95/opsys.htm
PC Professional: Betriebssysteme 98
http://www.zdplanet.de/produkte/artikel/sw/os/os-wf.htm
Umberto Eco explains why the Mac is Catholic and DOS is Protestant
http://www.calvin.edu/~adams/html/Xian/EcosEssay.html
McKenzie Wark explains how there are two kinds of theory in this world: Microsoft theory and open standards theory
http://www.factory.org/nettime/archive/0100.html
History
The Virtual Museum of Computing
http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/archive/other/museums/computing.html
Zuse's Z3 besitzt drei Gruppen von Befehlen: Arithmetik-Befehle (Addition, Multiplikation), I/O-Befehle (Einlesen, Ausgeben) und Speicherbefehle (Laden, Speichern).
http://www2.informatik.uni-halle.de/~thurm/z3/
International Conference on the History of Computing
14. -16. August 1998, Paderborn, Germany
http://www.inf.fu-berlin.de/~widiger/ICHC/
Multics, an influential operating system, begun in 1965 and still in use today.
http://www.best.com/~thvv/multics.html
Fernando José Corbató, aka Corby, was the leader of the Multics development project at MIT Project
MAC in from its beginnings in 1963 until the mid-1970s
http://www.best.com/~thvv/corby.html
Research
Answers to frequently asked questions for comp.os.research (in 3 parts)
http://www.best.com/~bos/os-faq/FAQ-1.html
http://www.best.com/~bos/os-faq/FAQ-2.html
http://www.best.com/~bos/os-faq/FAQ-3.html
Francisco J. Ballesteros: Links on OS research
http://www.gsyc.inf.uc3m.es/~nemo/os.html
Current Operating Systems Projects and OS-related research on the Web, by Patrick Bridges
http://www.cs.fit.edu/~dclay/os.html
VMRG Operating systems research page
http://wwwcs.newcastle.edu.au/VMRG/OS/OS.html
The Open Group Research Institute: Operating Systems Collected Papers (Last revision: January 1996)
http://www.osf.org/os/os.coll.papers/
Oberon, an ongoing research project at the ETH, Zürich, launched in 1985 by Niklaus Wirth and Jürg Gutknecht
http://www.oberon.ethz.ch/
Paramecium: An extensible object-based kernel supporting parallel programming
Andrew Tannenbaum, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
http://www.cs.vu.nl/~leendert/paramecium.html
A Caching Model of Operating System Kernel Functionality
David R. Cheriton and Kenneth J. Duda, Stanford University
http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/papers/cachekernel/main.html
First Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI '94)
http://www.cs.utah.edu/~lepreau/osdi/
The 720OS, an infinitely scalable and robust platform for communication throughout the known network, and in particular for communications beyond the known network. The author of the original release believes that all operational monadic systems on this planet today are hardwired with the Original Source within us; all we really have to find, then, is a Compiler...
http://www.geocities.com/Paris/1720/720faq.html
Emulators
Emulation Software R&D WWW Page. Information on CPU and OS emulators
http://www.uruk.org/~erich/emu/main.html
More emulator links
http://www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/archive/other/museums/computing.html#simulators
A PDP-8/E Simulator for the Apple Macintosh
http://www.han.de/~bb/pdp8e/pdp8e.html
Commodore 64 emulator for the PC
http://ccs64.fatal-design.com/
Unix et alii
On the Early History and Impact of Unix (Ch. 9 of the Hauben's "Netizen's Netbook")
http://www.columbia.edu/~rh120/ch106.x09
Unix Programmer's Manual, First Edition (1971)
http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/1stEdman.html
Dennis M. Ritchie's homepage
http://plan9.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/index.html
Ken Thompson's homepage
http://plan9.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/ken/
Subject: History of C, UNIX and Smalltalk. Creators Admit UNIX, C Hoax
http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~dalessio/unix.funny2.html
Unix Guru Universe
http://www.ugu.com
AIX (IBM's Unix) FAQ
http://www.tu-darmstadt.de/hrz/hrzpub/sw/betriebssystem/aix/aixfaq/aixfaq.html
Sun's Solaris
http://192.9.48.5/solaris/
Net OSs
(For Unix see above)
Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia
http://www.FreeSoft.org/CIE/index.htm
Markt der Netzwerkbetriebssysteme
http://www.gateway.de/artikel/9806030/
John Kirch: Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 versus UNIX
"Why Windows NT Server 4.0 continues to exist in the enterprise would be a topic appropriate for an investigative report in the field of psychology or marketing, not an article on information technology. Technically, Windows NT Server 4.0 is no match for any UNIX operating system"
http://www.kirch.net/unix-nt.html
Novell NetWare
http://www.novell.com/netware5/
Sabine Helmers, Ute Hoffmann, Jeanette Hofmann: Standard Development as Techno-social Ordering. The Case of the Next Generation of the Internet Protocol
http://duplox.wz-berlin.de/docs/ipng/
Beowulf is a project to produce parallel Linux clusters from off-the-shelf hardware and freely available software, started by NASA in 1994, spreading to universities
http://www.beowulf.org/
Distributed OSs
Bell Lab's Plan 9
Thompson and Ritchie created the UNIX operating system in 1969. "Pike and Thompson took a look and said, 'What would we do differently if we started again?'" said Ritchie. "The Plan 9 operating system is the outgrowth of that analysis."
http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/
http://www.att.com/press/0795/950718.bla.html
Inferno, the successor to Plan 9, developed at Sciences Research Center of Bell Laboratories, the research arm of Lucent Technologies
http://www.lucent-inferno.com/
Dorward, Pike, Presotto, Ritchie, Trickey and Winterbottom: The Inferno Operating System
http://www.lucent.com/ideas2/perspectives/bltj/winter_97/paper01/index.html
Piroz Mohseni: Fanning the NC Flames: Inferno, the Network OS
http://www.ncworldmag.com/ncworld/ncw-04-1997/ncw-04-inferno.html
Inferno mailing lists, news groups and archive
http://www.isr.umd.edu/%7Edoc/Inferno/Mail-list/
Tanenbaum's Amoeba
http://www.cs.vu.nl/pub/amoeba/
Mach
Project Mach was an operating systems research project of the Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science from 1985 to 1994
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/mach/public/www/mach.html
The Mach Shared Objects Project, at Department of Computer Science, University of Utah,
funded by ARPA
http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/mso/index.html
GNU Hurd (based on the Mach kernel)
http://www.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/hurd/hurd.html
Towards a New Strategy of OS Design (paper on Hurd)
http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/hurd/hurd-paper.html
Sun's Java, it's incorporated into all major Web browsers, and soon will be built into next-generation telephones, TV set-top boxes, smart cards that fit in your wallet, and many other consumer and business devices.
http://www.java.sun.com
http://www.sun.com/javaos
James Gosling and the Java Team: PC Magazine's Persons of the Year 1997
http://www.zdnet.com/products/content/pcmg/1622/pcmg0102.html
Sun VP James Gosling forecasts distributed computing technologies (interviewd by Michael Vizard,
InfoWorld Electric, August 24, 1998)
http://www.idg.net/idg_frames/english/content.cgi?vc=docid_9-68433.html
Java-PC on top of DOS
http://java.sun.com:81/products/javapc/index.html
Sun's JINI (Java Intelligent Network Infrastructure)
http://www.wired.com/wired/6.08/jini.html
JOS in Java under GNU license
http://www.jos.org
An Information Service on the JAVA language. Created and maintained by members of the Centre Universitaire d'Informatique, University of Geneva
http://cuiwww.unige.ch/java/index_eng.html
TRON (The Realtime Operating System Nucleus) originally developed by Ken Sakamura, Tokyo University, now likely running on your VCR, car navigation system and digital camera. It's non-proprietary and GNU software development tools for TRON specification chips are available.
http://tron.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/TRON/
Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), the ORB (Object Request Broker) provides interoperability between applications on different machines in heterogeneous distributed environments and seamlessly interconnects multiple object systems.
http://www.acl.lanl.gov/CORBA/
The Object Management Group, a consortium of software vendors and end users developing CORBA
http://www.omg.org/
The operating system is history.
That is, if Oracle and Sun Microsystems are successful in their joint effort to be announcedtoday to develop a new type of computer that doesn't require an operating system.
"The product will likely include the Oracle8i database environment running on Sun hardware, using only a Unix microkernal [sic!]," AMR Research in Boston wrote in a report on the pending announcement. "The microkernal is expected to be Solaris-based, Sun's Unix platform, but it may be one of the several open-source versions of Unix."
"Dissatisfaction is extremely high with Microsoft, much higher than with anyone else," an analyst said. "It looks like the market might respond very favorably to this." ( Randy Weston,CNET News.com, December 14, 1998)
http://www.news.com/News/Item/0%2C4%2C29868%2C00.html?dd.ne.tx.ts1.1214
Speculation centers on a speech Oracle's Ellison gave last month at the Comdex trade show in Las Vegas, in which he outlined plans to bundle the company's database software on hardware systems that don't need Microsoft's Windows NT or rival operating system software.... Although there will be no operating system, the computers and Oracle's software would still require a "microkernel," essentially a tiny piece of software to help Oracle's database software talk to the hardware. In Las Vegas, Ellison did not specify what type of kernel the company would select, but candidates include Linux, Hewlett-Packard's HP-UX "flavor" of Unix, Solaris, the forthcoming OS X Apple Computer, FreeBSD, and NetBSD. ( Reuters, CNET News, December 11, 1998)
http://www.news.com/News/Item/0,4,29854,00.html?st.ne.ni.rel
Object-Orientation
Object Systems Group Bibliography
http://cuiwww.unige.ch/osgrefs/file=/OSG/publications/Bib/osg.bib&htgrep=/osgrefs&ftpstyle=fi
OO Type Theory
This page collects information about research on type systems for object-oriented programming.
http://cuiwww.unige.ch/OSG/research/Hop/types.html
Realtime OSs
*OS/9 and OS/9000, UNIX like real-time OS from Microware Systems Corporation, Des
Moines, Iowa. This summary page is the main entry point to
the World Wide Web pages of the OS-9/9000 support
within the Real-Time Computing and Embedded Systems
section of the Information Technology division
(CERN/IT-CE-MS) at CERN.
http://wwwcn.cern.ch/ce/ms/os9/os9.html
RTMX O/S
http://www.rtmx.com/
http://www.realtime-info.be/encyc/market/rtos/rtos.htm
http://www.eg3.com/ulc/realxulr.htm
Embedded Systems OSs
JavaOS
http://www.sun.com/javaos/
Epoch32
TRON
Win CE
http://www.zdplanet.de/produkte/artikel/sw/9805/os13-wf.htm
http://www.microsoft.com/germany/windowsce/
Other OSs
CP/M at one time was a very popular operating system. In fact, QD-DOS (which became MS-DOS) was a cheap imitation of CP/M. CP/M, which later became DR-DOS, and then passed through Novell to Caldera to become OpenDOS, is perhaps more interesting because of its relationship to Microsoft, and its creator, Gary Kildall, who lost the bid to provide an OS for IBM's first PC to Microsoft.
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/CPM-faq/faq.html
Caldera DR-DOS Open DOS 7.02
http://www.caldera.com/dos
PC Professional:
http://www.zdplanet.de/produkte/artikel/sw/9805/os09-wf.htm
MS-DOS
http://www.myos.com/dos.shtml
Windows 3.1, CE, 95 & NT
http://www.winuser.com
Windows NT
http://www.windows-nt.com
OS/2
http://www.musthave.com
Amiga OS
http://www.PureAmiga.co.uk
MacOS
http://www.MacOS8.com
Newton OS
http://www.panix.com/~clay/newton/
Magic Cap, powers such devices as the Sony MagicLink and Motorola Envoy
http://members.aol.com/darkdan/DDDomain.html
NeXTStep & OPENSTEP
http://www.rhapsody.net
GNUstep, based on the original OpenStep specification provided by NeXT, Inc. (now Apple)
http://www.nmr.embl-heidelberg.de/GNUstep/
The Object Farm
http://www.objectfarm.org/
Berliner NeXT Usergroup
http://www.beng.org
Rhapsody
http://www.rhapsody.net
http://www.apple.com/macos/rhapsody/
How Rhapsody emmerged from the Apple MacOS and NeXT OPENSTEP platforms
http://www.objectfarm.org/TheMerger/
PC Professional:
http://www.zdplanet.de/produkte/artikel/sw/9805/os12-wf.htm
BeOS, a preemptive multitasking, symmetric multiprocessing, object-oriented, real-time OS for Pentium and PowerPC developed by Jean-Louis Gassée, an ex-Apple man.
http://www.beeurope.com/
http://www.beos.com
SAP's R/3, a client/server-based OS integrating database and other components
http://www.sap.com/rel45/index.htm
GEOS, an alternative GUI-driven operating system that is the basis for a number of different computers and hardware devices
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/jbearden/geoindex.htm
VMS, by Digital, supports two hardware platforms: VAX and Alpha
http://www.hhs.dk/vms/
Siemens' BS2000
http://www.siemensnixdorf.com/servers/bs2osd/osdbc_de.htm
Newsgroups
comp.os.linux.advocacy
comp.os.linux.answers
comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy
comp.os.os2.advocacy
comp.sys.amiga.advocacy
comp.sys.be.advocacy
comp.sys.mac.advocacy
comp.unix.advocacy
comp.lang.java.advocacy
gnu.misc.discuss
comp.emulators.announce
comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine
comp.unix.bsd.386bsd.announce
comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce
comp.unix.bsd.netbsd.announce
comp.windows.x.i386unix
comp.answers
Books
Books on Operating Systems Theory
http://www.netshop.com.au/bookshop/technical/opsys.htm
Books on OSs by Andrew Tanenbaum
http://www.cs.vu.nl/~ast/
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